英国发表最新《香港半年期报告》：国安立法范围与适用持续扩大、侵蚀言论与新闻自由，中国被评为持续不遵守《中英联合声明》UK's latest six-monthly report on Hong Kong: national security legislation keeps expanding and eroding freedoms; China in ongoing non-compliance with the Joint Declaration

据英国政府官网（GOV.UK）10 月 22 日刊载的全文，这份《香港半年期报告》由外交、联邦和发展事务大臣向国会提交，覆盖 2026 年 1 月 1 日至 6 月 30 日，是该系列自 1997 年以来的第 59 份报告，也是外交大臣埃德·米利班德今年 7 月上任后的首份（期数与人事据《香港自由新闻》HKFP 报道）。米利班德在前言中写道：1984 年中英签署《联合声明》时同意香港特别行政区保持高度自治、其权利、自由与生活方式受保障；报告期内香港的经济、货币与金融体系仍与内地有别，但报告所载证据显示，香港国安立法的范围与适用正在扩大，对言论、集会、结社与新闻自由的影响日益加深。[1]

报告结论部分重申：英国继续评估中国处于持续不遵守《中英联合声明》的状态。报告称，普通法制度在香港继续运作，但国家安全立法在法律制度、媒体环境、公民社会、教育与公共行政中扮演日益突出的角色，国安相关权力与程序的进一步扩张、以及对权利与自由的限制，仍令人关切。英方在前言与结论中均表示将继续为《联合声明》承诺的权利与自由发声，并继续通过英国国民（海外）签证路线支持港人：今年 2 月 9 日，英方扩大该路线，容许在 1997 年香港移交时未满 18 岁的 BN(O) 身份持有人合资格成年子女独立申请。[1]

执法与立法层面的扩张是报告着墨最重的部分。报告记录：2026 年 3 月 23 日，港府修订《国安法实施细则》并即时生效，新增执法人员在国安调查中要求交出电子设备密码与解密信息的权力，扩大限制出行与扣押旅行证件的权力，并扩大要求移除网上内容的权力。报告引述香港警方统计：截至 2025 年底，共有 385 人因涉及国安罪行被捕，其中 69 人于 2025 年被捕，逾半已被正式起诉；2026 年上半年至少再有 5 宗检控，包括 3 人被控颠覆、2 人被控恐怖主义。截至 2026 年 6 月，警方共向身处海外的人士发出 34 张国安通缉令，其中 15 名民主派活动人士与流亡“香港议会”成员被悬红 20 万港元通缉。[1]

个案方面，报告以专节记录黎智英案：高等法院 2025 年 12 月裁定其两项串谋勾结外国势力罪与一项串谋发布煽动刊物罪成立，2026 年 2 月 9 日判囚合共 20 年，为《国安法》下最长刑期；英国领事官员曾到庭旁听。2 月 26 日，上诉法庭推翻黎智英另一宗非国安诈欺案的定罪与刑期；其律师团队 3 月确认不会就国安案定罪与刑期上诉；律政司 4 月申请没收与黎智英罪行相关的约 1.27 亿港元资产，聆讯定于 2026 年 11 月 30 日。米利班德在前言中称对黎智英持续被囚“深感关切与不安”，英方继续呼吁立即释放他；时任外交大臣库珀在判刑当日称该案是“出于政治动机的检控”。首相斯塔默 1 月 29 日访京时曾当面向中方领导人提出黎智英案。[1]

其他重大案件包括：“国安 47 人案”12 名被告的上诉于 2 月 23 日被上诉法庭驳回、原判定罪与刑期维持，至报告期末 45 名被定罪者中已有 20 人刑满获释；已解散的香港支联会三名前常委邹幸彤、何俊仁、李卓人被控煽动颠覆国家政权案 1 月 22 日开审，何俊仁认罪，邹幸彤与李卓人不认罪，审讯历 24 天、5 月完成结案陈词；黄之锋被控串谋勾结外国势力案 5 月 14 日移交高等法院。《维护国家安全条例》方面，报告称该条例 2024 年 3 月生效以来至少 47 人被捕、14 人被控，期内煽动类案件持续：一名 68 岁退休者因在网上发布 130 条“煽动”帖文被判囚 8 个月，其账号粉丝仅十余人；一名法轮功学员被判囚 12 个月；独立书商于 3 月 24 日与 6 月 24 日两度被捕。被通缉活动人士郭凤仪的父亲因试图处理其名下资产被裁定罪成、判囚 8 个月，郭凤仪称此案是跨国镇压。[1]

制度层面，报告记录了 2025 年 12 月 7 日第八届立法会选举：地区直选投票率 31.9%，无效票 41,231 张，其中 41.3% 为白票，较 2021 年增加 17%。报告还记录：中国国务院 2 月 10 日发表《“一国两制”下香港维护国家安全的白皮书》；香港特区政府 6 月 15 日就香港首份五年计划展开两个月咨询，被定位为与国家第十五个五年规划对接；终审法院现时有 6 名来自普通法地区的海外非常任法官在任，自 2020 年《国安法》实施以来共有 10 名海外非常任法官离任或退休，首席法官张举能 1 月承认在当前地缘政治环境下招聘海外法官面临挑战。报告另注意到美国国务院 4 月依《香港政策法》向国会提交的年度报告，称北京与香港当局通过国安立法“系统性地削弱了香港的政治自治与民众的权利和自由”。[1]

各方反应方面，香港特区政府 10 月 23 日发表声明，对报告表示“强烈谴责并坚决反对”，斥其含“不实言论、诽谤和抹黑”，称英国在香港回归后对香港无主权、无管治权、无监督权，敦促英方立即停止干预属中国内政的香港事务；声明同时称香港的媒体环境在《国安法》与《维护国家安全条例》实施后依然蓬勃。报告内文亦记录了中方外交部驻港特派员公署、中联办等机构对黎智英案判决的批评与表态。非政府组织“香港监察”（Hong Kong Watch）则批评报告对香港法律与金融自治的判断低估了法治与基本自由受侵蚀的程度。[1][3]

核实说明与本站关联：本记录的核心事实——报告的提交日期、覆盖时段、前言与结论的定性原文、案件数字与时间点——均直接取自英国政府官网刊载的报告全文（一级官方来源）；港府反应取自香港政府新闻公报。报告的结论性判断属英国政府立场，港府已公开反对，本站不作独立背书，只作归属记录。该报告 10 月 22 日发表时超出本站日更的 24 小时窗口，2026 年 10 月 26 日经用户拍板补录。本站将继续跟进 11 月 30 日黎智英资产没收聆讯与下一期（2026 年 7–12 月）半年期报告。本记录定性为持续核实。[1][3]

According to the full text published on GOV.UK on October 22, 2026, the 'Six-monthly report on Hong Kong' was deposited in Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs and covers January 1 to June 30, 2026; it is the 59th report in the series since 1997 and the first under Foreign Secretary Ed Miliband, who took up the post in July (edition number and appointment detail as reported by Hong Kong Free Press). In his foreword, Miliband recalled that under the 1984 Joint Declaration the Hong Kong SAR would maintain a high degree of autonomy and its rights, freedoms and way of life would be protected; while Hong Kong's economic, monetary and financial systems remained distinct from the mainland during the period, 'the evidence set out in this report demonstrates the expanding scope and application of national security legislation in Hong Kong and its increasing impact on freedom of expression, assembly, association and the press.'[1]

The conclusion restates that 'the UK continues to assess that China is in a state of ongoing non-compliance with the Sino-British Joint Declaration.' It says the common law system continues to operate in Hong Kong, but that national security legislation plays an increasingly prominent role across the legal system, media environment, civil society, education and public administration, and that 'the further expansion of national security related powers and procedures, alongside restrictions affecting rights and freedoms, remains a matter of concern.' The UK also reiterated its support for Hong Kongers through the British National (Overseas) visa route, which was expanded on February 9, 2026 to allow eligible adult children of BN(O) status holders — those under 18 at the 1997 handover — to apply independently.[1]

The expansion of enforcement and legislation receives the heaviest attention. The report records that on March 23, 2026 the Hong Kong Government amended the NSL Implementation Rules with immediate effect, enabling law enforcement to require access to electronic devices, including passwords and decryption information, during national security investigations, expanding powers to restrict travel and seize travel documents, and broadening authority to require the removal of online content. Citing Hong Kong Police statistics, the report states that by the end of 2025 a total of 385 individuals had been arrested for national security offences — 69 of them in 2025 — with more than half formally charged; at least five further prosecutions were recorded in the first half of 2026, including three for subversion and two for terrorism. As of June 2026, police had issued 34 arrest warrants for individuals overseas, with rewards of HKD $200,000 offered for 15 pro-democracy activists and members of the 'Hong Kong Parliament' in exile.[1]

The report devotes a full section to Jimmy Lai: convicted on December 15, 2025 on two counts of conspiracy to collude with foreign forces and one count of conspiracy to publish seditious publications, he was sentenced on February 9, 2026 to a total of 20 years' imprisonment — the longest sentence imposed under the NSL to date — with British consular officials attending the sentencing. On February 26 the Court of Appeal overturned his separate fraud conviction and sentence; in March his legal team confirmed he would not appeal the national security conviction or sentence; and in April the Department of Justice applied to forfeit an estimated HKD $127 million in assets linked to his offences, with the hearing scheduled for November 30, 2026. Miliband wrote that he was 'deeply concerned and disturbed' by Lai's continued imprisonment and that the UK continues to call for his immediate release; then Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper on sentencing day called the prosecution politically motivated, and Prime Minister Keir Starmer raised Lai's case directly with President Xi during his January 29 visit to Beijing.[1]

Other major cases include the 'NSL 47': on February 23, 2026 the Court of Appeal dismissed the appeals of 12 defendants and upheld the original convictions and sentences, and by the end of the period 20 of the 45 convicted defendants had been released after completing their sentences. The trial of three former Hong Kong Alliance committee members — Chow Hang-tung, Albert Ho and Lee Cheuk-yan — on incitement-to-subversion charges began on January 22; Ho pleaded guilty, Chow and Lee pleaded not guilty, and closing submissions concluded in May after 24 hearing days. Joshua Wong's collusion case was transferred to the High Court on May 14, 2026. Under the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance, the report counts at least 47 arrests and 14 charges since the ordinance took effect in March 2024, with sedition cases continuing in this period: a 68-year-old retiree was jailed for eight months over 130 online 'seditious' posts from an account with barely ten followers; a Falun Gong member received 12 months; independent booksellers were arrested on March 24 and again on June 24. The father of wanted activist Anna Kwok was sentenced to eight months for attempting to deal with assets in her name — a case his daughter described as transnational repression.[1]

Institutionally, the report records the eighth-term Legislative Council elections of December 7, 2025: turnout in the geographical constituencies was 31.9%, with 41,231 invalid ballots, 41.3% of them blank — a 17% increase on 2021. It also notes the State Council's February 10 White Paper 'Hong Kong: Safeguarding China's National Security Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems'; the June 15 launch of a two-month consultation on Hong Kong's first Five-Year Plan, framed as aligning with China's 15th Five-Year Plan; and the judiciary: six overseas non-permanent judges from common law jurisdictions were serving on the Court of Final Appeal at the end of the period, ten have left since the NSL was imposed in 2020, and Chief Justice Andrew Cheung acknowledged in January the challenges of recruiting overseas judges in the current geopolitical environment. The report also notes the US State Department's April report under the Hong Kong Policy Act, which stated that Beijing and Hong Kong authorities had 'systematically degraded Hong Kong's political autonomy and civilians' rights and freedoms' through national security legislation.[1]

In response, the Hong Kong SAR Government issued a statement on October 23 'strongly condemning and firmly rejecting' the report, calling its contents 'untruthful remarks, slanders and smears', stating that the UK has no sovereignty, jurisdiction or right of supervision over Hong Kong after its return to China, and urging the UK to stop interfering in Hong Kong affairs, which it said are purely China's internal affairs; it also said Hong Kong's media landscape has remained vibrant since the NSL and the Safeguarding National Security Ordinance were implemented. The report itself records statements by the PRC Foreign Ministry's office in Hong Kong and the Liaison Office on the Lai verdict. The NGO Hong Kong Watch, for its part, criticised the report for maintaining that Hong Kong retains legal and financial autonomy, arguing this underestimates the erosion of the rule of law and basic freedoms.[1][3]

Verification note and connection to this site: the core facts in this record — the deposit date, the reporting period, the foreword and conclusion assessments, case figures and dates — are taken directly from the full report text published on GOV.UK, a first-tier official source; the Hong Kong Government's reaction is taken from its official news bulletin. The report's conclusions are the UK Government's position and have been publicly rejected by the Hong Kong SAR Government; this site endorses neither side and records both as attributed material. The report was published on October 22, outside this site's 24-hour daily-update window, and was backfilled on October 26, 2026 on the site operator's decision. This site will follow the November 30 forfeiture hearing in the Lai case and the next six-monthly report (July–December 2026). This record is classified as under ongoing verification.[1][3]