美国国务院 2026 年《人口贩运报告》：中国仍居最低“第三级”，强迫劳动与任意羁押指控未减US State Department's 2026 Trafficking in Persons Report keeps China in Tier 3 over forced labor and trafficking concerns

美国国务院于 2026 年 10 月 8 日发布年度《人口贩运报告》（Trafficking in Persons Report）。在涉华部分，报告继续把中国列为最低的“第三级”，认定中国政府“未完全达到消除人口贩运的最低标准，且未作出显著努力”。报告列举了一系列广泛的强迫劳动指控：政府关联部门存在强迫劳动，尤其是在新疆维吾尔自治区——维吾尔人、哈萨克族、吉尔吉斯族及其他少数民族成员在“职业培训”与“去极端化”的名义下继续面临任意羁押；当局还继续把藏人、维吾尔人及其他少数民族通过所谓扶贫与劳务派遣项目安排进职业培训与制造业工作，而这些项目带有强制成分；报告还指，强迫劳动做法已延及中国的其他省份，当局试图胁迫境外少数民族与宗教群体返国并拘禁，使他们更易受剥削。报告还指控中国官员明知故许朝鲜公民在中国境内遭强迫劳动，并对一带一路及其他中国关联基建项目中中国籍工人的招聘渠道、合同与工作条件监管不足。在执法方面，报告指出中国连续第九年未提供完整的人口贩运相关数据，报告期内没有报告识别出任何人口贩运受害者，也没有将其转介给保护服务。[1]The US State Department released its annual Trafficking in Persons Report on October 8, 2026. In the China section, the report keeps China in Tier 3, the lowest ranking, finding that the Chinese government 'did not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so'. The report lists a range of widespread forced-labor allegations: forced labor in government-affiliated sectors, particularly in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, ethnic Kyrgyz and members of other minority groups continued to face arbitrary detention under the stated objectives of 'vocational training' and 'deradicalisation'; authorities also continued to place ethnic Tibetans, Uyghurs and other minority groups in vocational training and manufacturing jobs through purported poverty alleviation and labor dispatch programs that featured coercive elements. The assessment further alleged that forced labor practices extended to other Chinese provinces, and that authorities sought to coerce the repatriation and internment of ethnic and religious minorities living abroad, increasing their vulnerability to exploitation. The report also accused Chinese officials of knowingly permitting North Korean citizens to be subjected to forced labor in China, and raised concerns over inadequate oversight of recruitment channels, contracts and working conditions for Chinese nationals employed on Belt and Road Initiative projects and other China-linked infrastructure projects overseas. On law enforcement, the report said China had failed to provide complete trafficking-related data for the ninth consecutive year and had not reported identifying any trafficking victims or referring them to protection services during the reporting period. [1]

为什么重要WHY IT MATTERS

这份报告值得记录，有三个原因。其一，这是美国政府的年度官方评估，“第三级”是最低评级，涉华部分呈现的是一个系统性图景：从新疆到其他省份，从扶贫劳务派遣到一带一路海外项目，从境内拘禁到境外胁迫返国——这不是单一事件，而是一整套被评估为“强迫劳动”的人口管控与用工安排。其二，报告把“跨国镇压”明确写进了人口贩运评估：当局胁迫境外少数民族返国与拘禁、使其更易受剥削——这一指控与本站记录的张婉莹案（受中国官员指使在美监视赖清德之子）、世维会关于中亚维吾尔人处境的警告相互呼应，说明“跨国镇压”正从政治打压话语延伸到人口贩运与劳动剥削的话语框架。其三，数据面的异常同样值得记录：连续九年不提供完整数据、报告期内零受害者识别——在评估逻辑里，这不是“没有问题”的证据，而是透明度缺失本身被计入评级依据。需要保守对待的是：本记录记录的是美国政府的评估结论，中国一贯否认此类指控；截至发稿，本站未见中国政府就本年度涉华部分作出公开回应，故本记录定性为“持续核实”。[1][2]This report is worth recording for three reasons. First, it is the US government's annual official assessment, and Tier 3 is the lowest rating: the China section presents a systemic picture — from Xinjiang to other provinces, from poverty-alleviation labor dispatch to Belt and Road projects abroad, from domestic detention to coerced return from overseas — not a single incident but a whole assessed system of 'forced labor' population-control and labor arrangements. Second, the report explicitly writes 'transnational repression' into a trafficking assessment: authorities coercing minorities abroad to return and face internment, increasing their vulnerability to exploitation — an allegation that resonates with this site's records of the Wanying Zhang case (surveillance of Taiwan's president's son in the US at Chinese officials' direction) and the WUC's warnings on Uyghurs in Central Asia, extending 'transnational repression' from a political-repression frame into a trafficking-and-labor-exploitation frame. Third, the data anomaly itself is worth recording: nine consecutive years without complete data and zero victims identified in the reporting period — in the assessment's logic, this is not evidence of 'no problem' but a transparency deficit counted against the rating. A conservative note: this record documents the US government's assessment; China has consistently rejected such allegations; as of publication this site has seen no Chinese government response to this year's China section — hence the 'under ongoing verification' grading. [1][2]

详细记录Full report

美国国务院 2026 年《人口贩运报告》于 10 月 8 日发布。《人口贩运受害者保护法》（2000 年）起草者、共和党众议员 Chris Smith 当天欢迎报告发布，并发表声明，特别点名中国：“中国共产党使用并纵容强迫劳动——包括系统性剥削维吾尔人和其他受迫害的少数民族——深为令人不安，应当受到最高程度的审视。”Smith 还指出，中国独生子女政策的“可怕的、持续的后果”至今可见：报告提到，数千万的男女出生性别差推高了商业性贩运与强迫婚姻的需求。[2]

报告对中国的评估集中在三个方面。首先是新疆：维吾尔人、哈萨克族、吉尔吉斯族及其他少数民族成员在“职业培训”与“去极端化”的名义下继续面临任意羁押；当局还继续把藏人、维吾尔人及其他少数民族通过所谓扶贫与劳务派遣项目安排进职业培训与制造业工作，而这些项目带有强制成分。报告使用了“指控”（alleged）一词来表述强制劳动的判断。[1]

其次是跨省与跨境层面：报告指，强迫劳动做法已延及中国的其他省份；当局试图胁迫居住在海外的少数民族与宗教群体返国并拘禁，使他们更易受剥削；报告还指控中国官员明知故许朝鲜公民在中国境内遭强迫劳动；同时，一带一路及其他中国关联基建项目中，中国籍工人的招聘渠道、合同与工作条件监管不足。[1]

第三是执法与数据：报告指出，中国连续第九年未提供完整的人口贩运相关数据，报告期内没有报告识别出任何人口贩运受害者，也没有将其转介给保护服务。这是中国连续第九年因数据缺失被特别点名。[1]

核实说明：本记录记录的是美国政府的官方评估结论与国会议员的公开声明，ANI/IANS 等通讯社于 10 月 17 日广泛报道了涉华评级。中国一贯否认美方此类指控，称新疆政策属反恐、去极端化与职业教育措施；截至发稿，本站未见中国政府就本年度涉华部分作出公开回应。本站将继续跟进中方回应与下年度评估。[1][2]

The 2026 Trafficking in Persons Report was released on October 8. Congressman Chris Smith, author of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, welcomed the release the same day and issued a statement singling out China: 'The Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) use and enabling of forced labor — including the systematic exploitation of Uyghurs and other persecuted minorities — is deeply troubling and deserves the greatest level of scrutiny.' Smith also pointed to the 'horrific, ongoing consequences' of China's one-child policy: the report notes that a gross disparity — tens of millions more boys than girls — has driven the demand for commercial sex trafficking and coercive marriages. [2]

The report's China assessment focuses on three areas. First, Xinjiang: Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, ethnic Kyrgyz and members of other minority groups continued to face arbitrary detention under the stated objectives of 'vocational training' and 'deradicalisation'; authorities also continued to place ethnic Tibetans, Uyghurs and other minority groups in vocational training and manufacturing jobs through purported poverty alleviation and labor dispatch programs that featured coercive elements. The report uses 'alleged' in describing the forced-labor findings. [1]

Second, the cross-provincial and cross-border dimension: forced labor practices extended to other Chinese provinces; authorities sought to coerce the repatriation and internment of ethnic and religious minorities living abroad, increasing their vulnerability to exploitation; the report also accused Chinese officials of knowingly permitting North Korean citizens to be subjected to forced labor in China; and it flagged inadequate oversight of recruitment channels, contracts and working conditions for Chinese nationals employed on Belt and Road Initiative projects and other China-linked infrastructure projects overseas. [1]

Third, enforcement and data: the report said China had failed to provide complete trafficking-related data for the ninth consecutive year and had not reported identifying any trafficking victims or referring them to protection services during the reporting period. This is the ninth consecutive year China has been singled out over missing data. [1]

Verification note: this record documents the US government's official assessment and a US congressman's public statement, widely reported by ANI/IANS wires on October 17. China has consistently rejected such US allegations, describing Xinjiang policies as counter-terrorism, deradicalisation and vocational-education measures; as of publication this site has seen no Chinese government response to this year's China section. This site will continue to follow any Chinese response and next year's assessment. [1][2]

核实来源

Primary sources

上述链接是所引用报告或评估的原始发布方。其结论已在正文中明确归属，不代表本站独立完成了全部事实认定。Links above point to the original publishers of the cited reports or assessments. Their conclusions are attributed in the text and do not imply that this site has independently verified every factual claim.